Secondary Leading Tone Chords: A Comprehensive Guide

Understanding secondary leading tone chords is essential for anyone delving into the world of music theory and composition. These chords play a crucial role in providing a sense of resolution and movement in a harmonic progression. In this article, we will explore the concept of secondary leading tone chords from various dimensions, including their definition, function, and practical applications.

Definition of Secondary Leading Tone Chords

Secondary leading tone chords, also known as subdominant chords, are formed by raising the third degree of a diatonic scale by a whole tone. This results in a chord that is a perfect fifth above the dominant chord. In other words, it is the chord that precedes the dominant chord in a diatonic scale.

For example, in the key of C major, the dominant chord is G major, and the secondary leading tone chord is A minor. The A minor chord is formed by raising the third degree of the C major scale, which is E, to F, resulting in the A minor chord.

Function of Secondary Leading Tone Chords

Secondary leading tone chords serve several functions in a harmonic progression. One of their primary roles is to provide a sense of tension and resolution. When a secondary leading tone chord is followed by a dominant chord, it creates a strong sense of anticipation for the resolution to the dominant chord.

Additionally, secondary leading tone chords can be used to create a sense of modulation. By introducing a secondary leading tone chord in a different key, a composer can create a smooth transition between keys, leading the listener to a new harmonic context.

Practical Applications of Secondary Leading Tone Chords

Secondary leading tone chords are widely used in various musical genres and styles. Here are some practical applications of these chords:

Music Genre	Practical Application
Jazz	Secondary leading tone chords are often used in jazz progressions to create a sense of tension and resolution, as well as to facilitate modulation between keys.
Classical Music	Composers like J.S. Bach and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart frequently employed secondary leading tone chords to create a sense of movement and anticipation in their compositions.
Rock and Pop	Secondary leading tone chords are used in rock and pop music to create a catchy and memorable melody, as well as to provide a sense of progression in the harmonic structure.

One notable example of the use of secondary leading tone chords in rock music is in the song “Stairway to Heaven” by Led Zeppelin. The song features a series of secondary leading tone chords that create a sense of tension and resolution, contributing to the song’s iconic sound.

Harmonic Analysis of Secondary Leading Tone Chords

Harmonic analysis of secondary leading tone chords involves examining their construction and how they interact with other chords in a progression. Here are some key points to consider:

Secondary leading tone chords are constructed by raising the third degree of a diatonic scale by a whole tone.
These chords are typically minor in nature, as they are formed by raising the third degree of a major scale.
Secondary leading tone chords are often followed by dominant chords, creating a strong sense of anticipation and resolution.
These chords can be used to create a sense of modulation by introducing them in a different key.

Conclusion

Secondary leading tone chords are a fundamental element of music theory and composition. By understanding their definition, function, and practical applications, musicians and composers can enhance their harmonic language and create more engaging and memorable music. Whether you are a jazz musician, classical composer, or rock guitarist, mastering the use of secondary leading tone chords will undoubtedly enrich your musical journey.